普通外科手术患者切口感染的高危因素分析及干预措施

摘要

目的 分析普通外科手术患者切口感染的高危因素及干预措施. 方法 回顾性分析该院在2014年2月—2015年2月期间收治的普通外科手术患者共723例,将其中发生术后切口感染的33例患者设为观察组,随机选取普通外科同期进行手术未发生切口感染的92例患者,将其设为对照组,分析患者发生切口感染的高危因素,并探究其预防干预措施. 结果 观察组患者在年龄≥60岁、体质指数(BMI)≥24 kg/m2、手术时间≥2 h、夏季手术、手术切口长度≥10 cm、存在基础疾病、急诊手术、全麻、营养不良、住院时间≥10 d这些因素方面与对照组相比,人数所占比率显著高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),且多因素logistic非条件回归分析显示患者年龄≥60岁、体质指数(BMI)≥24 kg/m2、手术时间≥2 h和手术切口长度≥10 cm是引起外科手术患者切口感染的独立危险因素(P<0.05). 结论 年龄≥60岁、体质指数(BMI)≥24 kg/m2、手术时间≥2 h、夏季手术、手术切口长度≥10 cm、存在基础疾病、急诊手术、全麻、营养不良、住院时间≥10 d是引起外科手术患者切口感染的危险因素,临床上应给予必要的预防干预措施.%Objective To analyze common risk factors for surgical incision infection and interventions. Methods A retrospec-tive analysis of our hospital in February 2014 to February 2015 admitted during the period of general surgery patients a to-tal of 723 patients, the incidence of postoperative incision infection of 33 patients as observation group, general surgery were randomly selected in the same period surgical incision infection in 92 cases of patients, it is set to the control group, the analysis of risk factors of infection of incision in patients with, and to explore its prevention interventions. Results Ob-servation group of patients in the age of 60 years old or more, body mass index (BMI) ≥24 kg/m2 or operation time is 2 hours or more, summer surgery, surgical incision length of 10 cm or more, there are basic diseases, emergency surgery, anesthesia, malnutrition, length of hospital stay for 10 days or more of these factors compared with control group, the pro-portion of the number is significantly higher than the control group, the difference is statistically significant (P<0.05), and the multi-factor logistic unconditional regression analysis showed that patients aged 60 or higher, body mass index (BMI) ≥24 kg/m2 or operation time is 2 hours or more and a incision length 10 cm or is independent risk factor for patients with surgical incision infection (P<0.05). Conclusion Age 60 years or more, body mass index (BMI)≥24 kg/m2 or operation time is 2 hours or more, summer surgery, surgical incision length of 10 cm or more, there are basic diseases, emergency surgery, anesthesia, malnutrition, length of hospital stay for 10 days or more is risk factors in patients with surgical incision infection,clinical should give necessary prevention interventions.