日粮中添加微生物制剂对哺乳期马驹生长性能、血浆激素水平和免疫指标的影响

摘要

为研究不同剂量组合的枯草芽孢杆菌和植物乳杆菌对哺乳期马驹生长性能、血浆激素水平和免疫指标的影响. 本试验选取1月龄、体重相近的伊犁哺乳马驹20匹,随机分为4组,每组5匹. 所有马匹在饲喂相同基础日粮的条件下,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组分别添加不同剂量组合的枯草芽孢杆菌(0.025、0.050、0.075 g)和植物乳杆菌(0.033、0.066、0.1339 g), 试验期90 d. 结果表明: 试验Ⅰ、 Ⅱ、 Ⅲ组的平均日增重比对照组分别提高了16.44%、15.07%、13.70%(P<0.05).30 d,试验Ⅱ组血浆中的神经肽Y极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),试验Ⅰ组显著高于对照组(P<0.05);60 d,试验Ⅱ组的神经肽Y极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),而胰岛素显著低于对照组(P<0.05),试验Ⅰ组的生长抑素显著低于对照组(P<0.05);90 d,试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ组的神经肽Y分别极显著低于对照组(P<0.01),试验Ⅰ组显著低于对照组(P<0.05). 在试验全期,各组之间的免疫指标均无显著变化. 综上所述,哺乳马驹日粮中添加枯草芽孢杆菌制剂和植物乳杆菌制剂能够促进马驹增重,对哺乳前期马驹血浆各激素水平有不同程度的影响,但对哺乳马驹免疫指标无显著影响.%A total of twenty lactation foals of Ili horse (Equidae equidae) with similar body weight,aged one month were randomly assigned into 4 groups(5 in each group)for a 90-day test in attempt to investigate effect of Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus plantarum intake on growth,plasma hormone level and immunological parameters during suckling period. Foals in control group were fed with normal fodder,those in treatment groups(Group Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ)were fed with normal fodder with combinations of Bacillus subtilis (viable count 3.0×1011 cfu/g)and Lactobacillus plantarum (viable count 2.0× 1011 cfu/g)additives in different ratios.Results showed that average daily weight gains of group Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ were 16.44%(P < 0.05),15.07%(P < 0.05) and 13.70%(P < 0.05)significantly higher than that of control group respectively. 30 days,plasma neuropeptide Y (NPY)of group Ⅰand group Ⅱ was significantly higher than that of control group (P <0.05 or P < 0.01).60 days,NPY level of group Ⅱ was very significantly higher than that of control group (P < 0.01)and insulin(INS)level was significantly lower than that of control(P<0.05),somatostatin(SS)level of groupⅠwas significant-ly lower than that of control (P < 0.05).90 days,NPY levels of both group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ were very significantly lower than that of control(P<0.01)and NPY level of groupⅠwas significantly lower than that of control(P<0.05).No signifi-cant difference of immunological parameters was observed in all groups during the test.In summary,weight gain of suckling foals could be promoted by Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus plantarum additives,and plasma hormone level in early lac-tation of suckling foal could be affected as well,but immunological parameters were unchanged.