本研究对目前水产养殖中常用的枯草（Bacillus subtilis，Bs）、蜡样（Bacillus cereus，Bc）、地衣（Bacillus licheni-formis，Bl）三株芽孢杆菌和一株粪链球菌（Fecal streptococcus，Fs）进行净水效果初步比较，主要指降解氨氮、亚硝酸盐能力的比较。将菌粉定量添加到自配的模拟污水培养基中摇床培养，不加菌的模拟污水培养基作为对照。结果表明：枯草芽孢杆菌的降氨氮能力优于其他三种菌，5 d后氨氮去除率100%，蜡样芽孢杆菌、地衣芽孢杆菌和粪链球菌也均有一定的降解氨氮能力。降亚硝酸盐效果最好的单菌仍是枯草芽孢杆菌，亚硝酸盐去除率第二天为85.60%，第三天为100%。地衣芽孢杆菌和粪链球菌降亚硝酸盐的能力也很好，在第五天亚硝酸盐浓度基本为0。而蜡样芽孢杆菌降亚硝酸盐的效果不如其他3种菌，五天后降解率仅为61.10%。根据单株菌净水效果的结果，做菌种复配净水试验。共得出七种配方复合菌剂，同样在模拟污水培养基中进行培养。结果得出，配方E为最优配方，第三天氨氮去除率为81.33%，第六天时去除率达到93.58%，第五天时亚硝态氮基本降为0，净水效果突出。%The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of four probiotic strains including Bacillus sub-tilis,Bacillus cereus,Bacillus licheniformis and Fecal streptococcus on water purification.Different strains and their com-binations were cultured in sewage medium as trentment groups,sewage medium with no supplementation served as control. After 24 h,fermentations samples were taken from each group for analysis of degradation of ammonia-nitrogen and nitrite-nitrogen.Results showed that B.subtilis had greater capacity of ammonia-nitrogen degradation than other three strains,and removal rate reached 100%after 5 days. B. cereus,B.licheniformis,and F.streptococcus also had degradation capacity to a degree. Furthermore, nitrite degradation rate of B.subtilis was higher than other strains,with a rate of 85.60% at day 2, and 100% at day 3.B.licheniformis and F.streptococcus also had great nitrite degradation capacity,and nitrite concentra-tion decreased to 0 at day 5.B.cereus could not degrade nitrite efficiently,with a degradation rate of 61.10% after 5 days. According to each strain’s capacity of water purification,the strains were combined at a certain ratio, and then cultured in sewage medium,the optimal combination was obtained with an ammonia-nitrogen removal rate of 81.33% at day 3,and 93.58%at day 6,nitrite concentratiuon also decreased to 0 at day 5.The results indicated that this combination had an ef-ficient water purification property.
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