纳米氧化锌对断奶仔猪生长及腹泻率的影响

摘要

为研究纳米氧化锌对断奶仔猪生长性能和腹泻率的影响，本试验选取96头35日龄三元杂交（D×L×Y）健康断奶仔猪，随机分成3组，每组8个重复，每个重复4头猪，试验期为28 d。空白对照组饲喂基础日粮；阳性对照组在基础日粮中添加3000 mg/kg 氧化锌；纳米氧化锌组在基础日粮中添加500 mg/kg 纳米氧化锌。结果表明：试验前期、后期及全程，阳性对照组和纳米氧化锌组仔猪的平均日增重分别高于空白对照组27.33%（P ﹤0.05）和14.29%（P ﹥0.05）、16.64%（P ﹤0.05）和23.42%（P ﹤0.05）、20.66%（P ﹤0.05）和18.65%（P ﹤0.05）；试验后期及全程平均日采食量分别高于对照组14.48%（P ﹤0.05）和6.51%（P ﹤0.05）、15.11%（P ﹤0.05）和10.66%（P ﹤0.05）。试验前期、后期及全程，纳米氧化锌组仔猪的料肉比对比空白对照组分别降低2.05%（P ﹥0.05）、11.28%（P ﹤0.05）、8.04%（P ﹤0.05），并且在试验后期较阳性对照组降低9.42%（P ﹤0.05）。试验前期、后期及全程，阳性对照组和纳米氧化锌组仔猪的腹泻率与空白对照组相比分别降低了47.33%（P ﹤0.05）和45.16%（P ﹤0.05）、46.85%（P ﹤0.05）和28.15%（P ﹤0.05）、46.34%（P ﹤0.05）和39.78%（P ﹤0.05）；试验前期这两组间差异不显著（P ﹥0.05），后期及全程阳性对照组仔猪的腹泻率低于纳米氧化锌组26.02%（P ﹤0.05）、10.89%（P ﹤0.05）。综上所述，日粮中添加500 mg/kg 纳米氧化锌可以显著提高断奶仔猪的生长性能，降低仔猪腹泻，并且与3000 mg/kg 氧化锌对断奶仔猪的促生长效果及前期的抗腹泻效果相当。%The test was conducted to study nano zinc oxide(nano-ZnO) on performance and diarrhea rate in weaning pigs.A total of 96 weaning ternary healthy pigs (Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire)of 35-day-old were randomly allocated to three dietary treatments with 8 replicates of 4 each for 28 d.The pigs in blank control group,positive control group and nano zinc oxide group were fed basal diet,basal diet +3000 mg/kg zinc oxide (ZnO) and basal diet +500 mg/kg nano-ZnO,respectively.The results showed that:The average daily gain of positive control group and nano-ZnO group were 27.33%(P ﹤ 0.05)and 14.29%(P > 0.05),16.64%(P ﹤ 0.05)and 23.42%(P ﹤ 0.05),20.66%(P ﹤ 0.05)and 18.65%(P ﹤0.05)higher than those of blank control group in the early,the later and the whole stage.The average daily feed intake in the later and the whole phase of positive control group and nano-ZnO group were 14.48%(P ﹤ 0.05)and 6.51%(P ﹤0.05),15.11%(P ﹤ 0.05)and 10.66%(P ﹤ 0.05)higher than those of blank control group.The feed/gain of nano-ZnO group was reduced respectively 2.05%(P > 0.05),11.28%(P ﹤ 0.05),8.04%(P ﹤ 0.05)compared with blank control group in the early,the later and the whole stage.In the later phase,the feed/gain of nano-ZnO group was 9.42% lower than that of positive control group.From the view of the early,the later and the whole test,the diarrhea rate of positive control group and nano-ZnO group were significantly reduced respectively 47.33%(P ﹤ 0.05)and 45.16%(P ﹤ 0.05),46.85%(P ﹤0.05)and 28.15%(P ﹤ 0.05),46.34%(P ﹤ 0.05)and 39.78%(P ﹤ 0.05)compared with blank control group,and there was no significant difference between positive control group and nano-ZnO group (P > 0.05)in the early phase.The diarrhea rate of positive control group was 26.02%(P ﹤ 0.05)and 10.89%(P ﹤ 0.05)lower than that of nano-ZnO group in the later and the whole phases.Above all,the supplement of 500 mg/kg nano-ZnO could significantly improve the growth of weaning pigs and reduce the diarrhea rate,and 500 mg/kg nano-ZnO was as effective as 3000 mg/kg ZnO for promoting the growth of weaning pigs and controlling diarrhea in the early period of weaning.