广东某农村塘坝饮用水污染的微生物溯源

摘要

以大肠杆菌为指示微生物,采用脉冲场凝胶电泳(PFGE)、肠杆菌间重复一致序列PCR(ERIC-PCR)和BOX插入因子PCR(BOX-PCR)3种分子分型方法对广东省某典型农村塘坝饮用水污染来源进行了追踪研究,利用软件Quantity One进行分析.结果表明,浅层井水与其近处的池塘水存在大肠杆菌的克隆现象,两者可能存在着共同的污染传播载体,或是浅层井水受到了池塘水的污染.3种方法的分型能力从强到弱依次为PFGE、BOX-PCR、ERIC-PCR.其中,BOX-PCR最宜在水体污染的微生物溯源中应用.鉴于分离培养的溯源方法存在的缺陷,应加强与非培养微生物溯源相结合进行分析以使结果更加准确.%Pollution sources of the typical rural pond-drinking water were studied in a country of Guangdong using molecular typing methods such as pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), ERIC-PCR and BOX-PCR.Escherichia coli was the indicating microorganism in microbial source tracking (MST).The fingerprints of E.coli from different samples were analyzed using Quantity One.It was showed that the superficial layer well had the same genotyping E.coli with the pond water beside it.Therefore, they might have the same pollution carrier.Or the pond resulted in the pollution of superficial layer well.The ability in discriminating E.coli strains was different, such as PFGE＞BOX-PCR＞ERIC-PCR.BOX-PCR was the most suitable molecular typing method for microbial source tracking.In view of limitation of the culture-dependent methods, we should pay more attention to the combination with culture-independent methods in the future MST.