环境介质中135Cs的测试分析及其示踪应用研究进展

摘要

Under the background of rapid development in nuclear power,strengthen the knowledge of 135Cs analysis and application is extremely necessary.Therefore,based on published literatures and materials,the source term and instrumental analysis of 135Cs were summarized and addressed.Different chemical separation methods and mass spectrometry techniques (ICP-MS,TIMS,RIMS and AMS) for radiocesium determination were compared in this review.In addition,the obtained limit of detection and chemical yield in reported papers were also compared.Finally,we discussed the potential application of 135Cs/137Cs isotopic ratio in the environment with emphasis on Fukushima nuclear accident and prospects in accurate determination,migration behavior and application of 135Cs/137CS isotopic ratio for future research.%在我国当前核电事业高速发展的背景下,需要建立不同区域的135Cs背景数据,另外135Cs/137Cs原子比的测试分析及其示踪研究也亟待加强.为此,笔者对已有的文献资料进行归纳总结,首先对135Cs的来源、化学分离与提取和仪器分析3个方面进行了详细的阐述,对阳离子交换树脂和萃取树脂、质谱测量技术(ICP-MS、TIMS、RIMS和AMS)以及得到的探测限和回收率的加以比较,并重点围绕福岛核事故探讨了135Cs/137Cs原子比在环境中的应用,展望了未来135Cs的分析测试及应用研究的发展前景,为环境样品中135Cs的精确测量、迁移行为以及135Cs/137Cs原子比的示踪研究提供重要参考.