The contents of major elements and micronutrients of the kelps,macroalgaes produced in the Bohai Sea,the Yellow Sea,the East China Sea,and the South China Sea,were respectively determinated.Their differences in nutrient contents between regions were compared,and their ability to eliminate the excessive nitrogen and phosphorus in sea waters were analyzed.The results showed that the concentrations of nitrogen,phosphorus and iodine in the kelp were respectively 9.8 × 104 times,2.0 ×105 times,and 5.8 × 104 times higher than that in the sea water.Meanwhile,the organic iodine fertilizer made from the kelp was applied to cultivate iodine-rich vegetables,and their iodine content could reach to about 10 times higher than the unfertilized controls.The biogeochemical process of using exogenous iodine to improve the iodine deficiency in the soil was revealed.At last,a kelp-based potential model to repair the ecological environment is established,which can link the remediation of eutrophic sea waters and the improvement of inland environment of iodine deficiency.The solution may provide a technical route to establish an environment-friendly iodine industry chain,including large-scale cultivation of kelps,extraction of biomass energy from kelp fermentation,manufacture of organic iodine fertilizer,cultivation of iodine-rich plant foods,and so on.%系统测定了采自中国渤海、黄海、东海、南海海域的大型海藻——海带的主要营养元素和微量营养元素含量水平,分析了海带营养元素的区域性差异及其对富营养化海域水体中氮磷的去除能力.结果显示,海带中的氮、磷和碘的含量分别是海水中相应元素含量的9.80×104倍、2.00×105倍和5.80×104倍.同时,利用海带制成海藻有机碘肥,培育富碘蔬菜,其碘含量可比普通蔬菜高10余倍揭示了外源碘对提高土壤碘背景含量的生物地球化学过程.从而建立了海带修复生态环境的潜在模式,将修复沿海水域富营养化和改善缺碘生态环境的技术串联起来,为建立包括规模化海带养殖、海带发酵提取生物质能源、海藻有机碘肥生产、含碘植物性食品培育在内的生态产业链,提供了技术路线.
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