高强锚杆预紧力影响因素分析研究

摘要

分析了锚杆预紧力有关影响因素,针对影响锚杆预紧力的预紧扭矩、锚杆直径、锚杆与螺母之间、螺母与垫圈之间的摩擦力等因素在巷道现场进行了对比实验研究,在锚杆预紧力的影响因素中,锚杆预紧扭矩影响最大,锚杆与螺母之间、螺母与垫圈之间的摩擦力次之.锚杆安装预紧扭矩与锚杆预紧力呈正比线性关系,增大锚杆安装预紧扭矩能够明显提高锚杆预紧力.锚杆直径越小,相同的预紧扭矩转化的预紧力越大.使用球形垫圈、金属平垫和塑料平垫配合的减摩副、提高锚杆螺纹段的润滑程度,均能减小螺母和锚盘之间的摩擦力,降低扭矩系数大小,提高预紧扭矩转化到锚杆杆体上的预紧力.提出了降低锚杆预紧力扭矩系数,提高锚杆预紧力应当着手的方面.%Through the pre-tightening force of anchor bolt on influence factors analysis,influence the bolt pre-tightening torque of prestressing force,between bolt diameter,bolt and nut,nut and washer between the friction factors,such as through the contrast experiment,the scene of the roadway in the influence factors of bolt pre-tightening force,which has the greatest effect in the bolt pre-tightening torque,between the bolt and nut,nut and washer between the friction of the times.The pre-tightening torque of the anchor rod was more than linear relation,and the pre-tightening torque of the anchor rod can obviously improve the bolt pretension force.The smaller the bolt diameter,the greater the pre-tightening force of the same pre-tightening torque.Using the spherical gasket,metal fiat pad and plastic fiat mat with anti-friction vice,increase of the bolt screw thread lubrication degree,it can reduce the friction between the nut and the anchor plate,reduce the torque coefficient,thus improved the pre-tightening torque into pre-tightening force of anchor rod body.This paper put forward several aspects of reducing the pretension torque coefficient of the anchor rod and improving the pre-tightening force of the bolt.