利用有限元分析软件ABAQUS在仿真过程中直接模拟“真空度”,并通过ABAQUS的二次开发平台编写“排水板单元”子程序,对软土地基的真空—堆载联合预压进行仿真和固结分析,并与“真空荷载换算为堆载”方法进行对比.结果表明这种仿真模型更接近实际,分析地基变形与实际情况一致；塑料排水板单元子程序合理,可以有效减小分析误差.对天津港某软基的加固工程进行了建模仿真,其结果与实测数据相吻合,在误差允许范围内.通过计算不同泊松比、加固区宽度条件下真空—堆载联合预压的最终沉降量,分析得到了相应泊松比、加固区宽度的沉降修正系数,对类似的工程有一定的指导意义.%Using the ABAQUS software in which the vacuum degree is directly simulated, the process of vacuum surcharge preloading on soft soils is simulated, and its computation of settlement is analyzed. In the simulation, a subprogram for plastic drainage board element is compiled by using the second development platform offered by ABAQUS. The result is also compared with the one of traditional model which just translates the vacuum loads into the preloads. It is shown that this simulation model is more realistic which consistent with the actual ground deformation, and the subroutine for plastic drainage plate element is reasonable which can effectively reduce analytical error. In the simulation of a consolidation project of soft foundation in Tianjin, the result is consistent with the field survey data and the error is in the allowable range. The ultimate settlements during vacuum surcharge preloading with different Poisson ratios and reinforced ranges are separately computed, meanwhile the correction factors of settlement to the Poisson ratio and the reinforced range are obtained, which had some guiding significance to similar project.
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