铁路大跨度简支钢桁梁桥车-桥耦合振动研究

摘要

桥梁作为线路工程中不可或缺的重要枢纽,对列车通过桥梁时,桥梁和车辆之间相互作用的问题迫切需要做出解答,特别是针对铁路钢桁梁,并考虑大跨度简支特性的车-桥耦合振动问题研究更具有一定的理论与实际意义.以黄韩侯铁路新黄河特大桥156 m简支钢桁梁桥作为工程背景,建立车辆动力模型、桥梁有限元模型并考虑轮轨关系,以蛇形运动和轨道不平顺作为系统的自激激励源,利用大型有限元软件ANSYS以及UM(Universal Mechanism)动力学分析软件联合进行仿真分析,实现单个机车、编组客车和编组货车以设计时速通过桥梁时对大跨度简支钢桁梁桥车桥耦合振动的研究.经过计算分析得出:大跨度钢桁梁桥的横向刚度相对较小;不同编组情况以设计时速通过桥梁时,车辆和桥梁的各项动力响应参数均在规范允许的范围之内;编组货车通过桥梁时,桥梁跨中横向、竖向加速度较之其他编组情况要大.%Over recent years,high-speed and heavy-load railways have developed in China.For a railway line,bridges are very important hubs along the line.Studies on the interaction between trains and bridges are very important for safe railway operations,especially for problems regarding the train-bridge coupled vibration of simply-supported steel-truss railway bridges,which have been widely used in recent years.In this paper,a 156-m-long simply-supported steel-truss bridge of the Huang Han-hou New Yellow River railway was studied.Numerical simulation using ANSYS and UM software is used together to study the train-bridge coupled vibration problems when a single locomotive,marshaling passenger coach,and freight coach pass the bridge.The results show that the lateral stiffness of the large-span steel truss bridge is relatively small.The dynamic response parameters of the train and bridge all fell within the allowable limits when the different marshaling passenger coaches pass the bridge with the design speed.Compared with conditions of a single locomotive and marshaling passenger coach,the lateral and vertical accelerations of the bridge are obviously greater when the marshaling freight coaches pass.