北京地区荷斯坦青年牛繁殖性状影响因素分析

摘要

本研究利用北京地区23个奶牛场105头公牛的25705个女儿繁殖记录,对中国荷斯坦青年牛的4个繁殖性状,包括青年牛初配日龄（AFI）、青年牛妊娠日龄（AFP）、青年牛初产日龄（AFC）和输精次数（NS）,采用固定模型通过SAS9.1软件GLM过程进行统计分析。结果表明,牛场、出生年份、出生季节以及公牛等效应对青年牛繁殖性状具有显著（P〈0.05）或极显著影响（P〈0.01）。通过提高饲养管理水平,给母牛创造良好的生存环境,选用具有优秀繁殖性能的种公牛,可有效提高母牛繁殖效率。%Reproductive data of 25 705 Chinese Holstein heifers was analyzed to evaluate the factors affect heifer reproduction efficiency. The heifers were daughters of 105 sires raised in 23 farms in Beijing, China. Age at first insemination （AFI）, age at first pregnancy（AFP）, age at first calving（AFC）, and number of services（NS） were analyzed using a fixed model through the General Linear Model（GLM） procedure of SAS program （SAS 9.1）. Results showed that fixed effect of farms, year of birth, season of birth and the sires had significant effects on the fertility traits in heifers（P〈0.01）. Therefore, the improvement of fertility efficiency would be achieved by improving feeding and management in farm to provide heifer a comfort environment and utilizing seed-stock bulls with outstanding reproductive performance.