不同来源弗莱维赫牛冻精改良西杂牛的效果研究

摘要

This paper is about hybridization effect of the imported and domestic Fleckvieh frozen semen on local crossbred cattle in the Midu county of Dali,Yunnan. This experiment provides some scientiifc and practical basis for the production of cattle so as to guide farmers to breed the cattle that can produce both milk and meat.This research take advantage of the data offered by the station of livestock breeding guidance in Dali,Yunnan province, in which the Fleckvieh acts as the male parent. The adoption of the artiifcial insemination is undergone to improve the quality of local Simmental crossbred raised in the town of Qieli in the Midu county and determine the growth indicators of the hybrid battle.The result shows that the imported Fleckvieh frozen semen is more effective on the improvement of local Simmental crossbred cattle than that of the homemade. Besides, it has an obvious advantage on hybridization of cattle. At the time of birth and two-month year old, the F1 male and female cattle improved by the imported Fleckvieh frozen semen differs greatly from that of the domestic in their weight and size. From the experiment, a conclusion can be drawn that the F1 male and female calves improved by the imported Fleckvieh frozen semen weigh heavily, grow rapidly with high efficiency of breeding. That is to say, the application of the imported Fleckvieh frozen semen to improve the local Simmental crossbred cattle will prompt the rapid development of the cattle that can produce both milk and meat in rural areas.%本文研究了不同来源弗莱维赫牛冻精在云南大理州弥渡县农区改良西门塔尔与本地杂交牛的杂交效果。利用云南省现代农业奶牛产业体系奶牛育种与繁殖功能研究室提供的数据，以弗莱维赫牛(Fleckvieh)为父本，采用人工授精对弥渡县苴力镇农户家的西（♂）×本（♀）杂交牛进行改良，测定杂交一代的生长性能指标。结果表明，进口弗莱维赫牛冻精改良西（♂）×本（♀）杂交牛的效果要优于国产弗莱维赫牛冻精的改良效果，其后代杂种优势明显，进口和国产弗莱维赫牛冻精改良F1公母犊牛的初生、2月龄体重和主要体尺指标差别较大，差异均极显著（P<0.01）；进口弗莱维赫牛冻精改良的F1公母犊牛体重大，生长速度快，具有较高的饲养效益。可以得出，以进口弗莱维赫牛冻精改良西（♂）×本（♀）杂交牛能更大程度地推进农区乳肉兼用牛的育种改良进程。