This report was aimed to investigate the environmental regulation and control ability, health and welfare condition of dairy cow in Beijing. Sixty two dairy farms were investigated, of which the breeding stock was more than 100 head and from 6 counties and districts of Miyun, Daxing, Changping, Yanqing, Shunyi and Fangshan. In the present part, it was focused on welfare facilities (cow brushing, rubber corridor from the barn to milking parlour, skid resistance for floor of milking parlour), drinking and health condition for dairy cows. The results were concluded that: ①The annual milk yield increased by 8.3% in the farm of installing cow brushing than those not;and increased 6.7% in the farms where owed rubber corridor from the barn to milking parlour comparing to those have not; ②51.6% farms did cleaning on every 1~3 day, and contributed to a significantly increase of 16.7% annual milk yield than those not; ③Summer is the season that incidence of mastitis occurs most; ④ Body condition and lame are both directly correlated to milk yield. The farm of no less than 10% for spot without hair, damaged joints and swelling, moving with limp were 98.4%, 85.5% and 85.5%, respectively, and compared to those more than 10%, the average annual milk yield increased 5.7%, 3.8% and 1.9%, respectively.%为了考察北京市奶牛场环境调控能力、牛群健康与福利状态,本次专项调研收集了来自密云、大兴、昌平、延庆、顺义、房山6个区的62家存栏量在100头以上的规模化奶牛场数据.调查指标涉及福利设施装配情况(牛体刷、牛舍到挤奶厅橡胶过道铺设、挤奶厅地面防滑设计)、饮水器清洁频率及饮水卫生、乳房炎随季节的发生率以及牛体表缺损状况等.结果发现:(1)安装牛体刷牛场的产奶量比没有安装牛体刷的牛场高出8.3%;从牛舍到挤奶厅铺设橡胶过道与没有铺设橡胶过道的牛场相比,前者产奶量比后者高6.7%;(2)1~3d清洁一次饮水设施的牛场占到51.6%,其产奶量相比不定期清洁的牛场提高16.7%,差异显著;(3)夏季是临床乳房炎高发季节;(4)奶牛体表有缺毛的斑、关节破损和肿胀、运动时发生跛行的比例少于一成的牛场分别占98.4%、85.5%和85.5%,相比发生比例大于一成的牛场,其年平均产奶量依次高5.7%、3.8%和1.9%.
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