67例护理人员针刺伤职业暴露的分析和防护干预研究

摘要

Objective To probe into the causes of occupational exposure and protective intervention for nurses in nursing staff.Methods In our hospital from January 2010 and December 2015, 67 cases of nurses caused by occurrence of needle stick injuries and occupational exposure data were retrospectively analyzed.Results In the event of a needle stick injuries of 67 nursing staff, nursing staff occupational exposure and under 35 was highest, at 79.10%, internal system more occupational exposure was 70.15%, 4 nursing staff occupational exposure caused by needle stick injuries, needle stab the occupational exposure rate was 5.97%. 3 cases of nursing staff occupational exposure is viral hepatitis b, the proportion is 75%, 1 case of nursing staff occupational exposure is 25%. 3 cases of nursing staff occupational exposure caused by the needle back to set, the proportion is 75%; After occupational exposure 3 cases of nursing staff receive preventive hepatitis b immunoglobulin injections, effcient price 75%, 1 case of nursing staff preventive use of transcriptase drugs, at 25%.Conclusion To establish and perfect the system of reporting and monitoring, strengthening nursing staff awareness and take active exposure protection intervention, strictly carry out operation process, to reduce needle stick injuries caused by infection and occupational exposure is of important value.%目的：探讨护理人员针刺伤职业暴露原因和防护干预措施。方法选取我院2010年1月～2015年12月67名护理人员发生的针刺伤和所致职业暴露资料进行回顾性分析。结果在发生针刺伤的67名护理人员中，35岁及以下的护理人员职业暴露率最高为79.10%；内科系统发生职业暴露较多为70.15%；4名护理人员因针刺伤导致职业暴露，针刺伤职业暴露率为5.97%，其中3例护理人员职业暴露源为病毒性乙型肝炎，比例为75%，1例护理人员职业暴露源为艾滋病毒，比例为25%；3例护理人员因针头回套造成职业暴露，比例为75%；职业暴露后3例护理人员接受预防性乙肝高效价免疫球蛋白注射，比例为75%，1例护理人员预防性使用转录酶药物，比例25%。结论建立健全上报和监测制度，强化护理人员防范意识，积极采取暴露防护干预，严格贯彻操作流程，对于降低针刺伤造成感染和职业暴露具有重要价值。