煤层气地面开采中潜在的生态环境影响分析

摘要

煤层气地面开采工程建设期会剧烈扰动开采工程地表及地下区域，引起新增水土流失，进而影响区域环境与气候。高矿化度的煤层采出水会使土壤发生盐渍化，影响区域植物多样性及均匀度。含重金属煤层采出水危害动植物生长和人类健康，排采过程中长时间抽排煤层水会影响到区域地下水水位和水质，使土地沙化，甚至诱发地面沉降或塌陷等。通过对山西沁水盆地郑庄区块煤层气开采为例定量分析这些潜在的影响，并提出了相应的防治措施。%The grounding mining of coal bed methane severely disturbs the surface and unG derground areas,causing newly occurred water and soil loss and then influencing local environG ment and climate.The produced water from coal seam in high salinity makes the soil salinization, which influences the plant diversity and uniformity.Moreover,the produced water containing heavy metals is dangerous to plant growth and human health.The drainage of coal seam water in a long time will influence local underground water level and quality,leading to soil desertification and even inducing land subsidence or collapse.In this paper,aimed at coal bed methane mining in Haozhuang located in Qinshui Basin in Shanxi Province,the potential influences were quantitively analyzed,and the corresponding control measures were proposed.