猪场废水中常常含有饲用和医用抗生素,不仅影响废水生物处理,也直接污染受纳水体.试验采用发光细菌急性毒性测试法,测定了养猪业常用抗生素的急性毒性.结果表明,在室温20℃～25℃,pH值为6. 98~7. 02的条件下,林可霉素,青霉素G钠和杆菌肽的半抑制浓度(IC50)分别为:19. 45g·L-1,10. 10g·L-1和6. 91g·L-1, 属于轻度毒性物质;氯霉素、恩诺沙星、硫酸链霉素、氟苯尼考的IC50分别为473 mg·L-1,157 mg·L-1,142mg·L-1和95 mg·L-1,属于中度毒性物质;盐酸金霉素和硫酸多粘菌素的IC50分别为12 mg·L-1和4mg·L-1,属于高度毒性物质.根据养猪业常用抗生素的发光细菌急性毒性数据,可以初步判断抗生素对猪场废水生物处理的影响,分析猪场废水的环境风险.%Swine wastewater often contains therapeutic and growth-promoting antibiotics, which not only inhibits the biotreatment of wastewaters, but also pollutes the receiving water. The acute toxicity of common-used antibiotics in swine husbandry was assessed by the bioluminescence inhibition assay. The results indicated that, at the ambient temperature of 20℃-25℃ and the solution pH of 6. 98-7. 02, the half inhibitory concentrations(IC50) of Lincomycin, Penicillin G and Bacitracin were 19. 45 g · L_l, 10. 10 g · L-1 and 6. 91 g · L-1 respectively, which belonged to the mild toxicants; the IC50 of Chloramphenicol, Enrofloxacin, Streptomycin and Florfenicol were 473 mg · L-1, 157 mg ·L-1, 142 mg · L_1 and 95 mg ·L-1respectively, which belonged to moderatetoxicants; the IC50 of Chlortetracycline and Polymyxin E were 12 mg ·L-1 and 4 mg· L-1, which belonged to severe toxicants. The information of acute toxicity of common-used antibiotics in swine husbandry is helpful to understand the effect of antibiotics on the bio-treatment of wastewaters and the environmental risks originated from swine wastewater.
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