绒山羊绒毛品质遗传研究进展

摘要

绒毛品质不仅影响绒山羊养殖的经济效益，还影响绒毛纺织品的质量。近年来，随着产绒量的提高，绒毛品质有下降趋势，为了提高生产效益，在生产过程中提高绒毛品质势在必行。绒毛品质是绒山羊育种中重要的选择参数，而控制绒毛品质的主要性状是数量性状，通过数量遗传学和分子遗传学寻找控制数量性状的主效基因，从而研究其生长机理和控制绒毛生长的基因的表达机制。作者综述了近年来有关绒毛品质的研究成果，其中包括通过表型选择来提高绒毛品质，且找到控制绒毛品质性状的 HOX 、BMP 、KAP 基因和色素基因等，还有寻找控制目标性状相应的 QTL 和对不同序列的 SNPs 进行 GWAS 分析，通过基因型的选择来提高绒毛品质，这些研究为提高绒毛品质奠定了理论基础，也为今后研究绒毛品质的遗传因素提供借鉴。%Fiber and wool quality not only affects the economic benefits of cashmere goat breed-ing,but also affects the quality of wool textiles.In recent years,fluff quality has declined with cashmere yield improvement.In order to improve production efficiency,improving fluff quality is imperative in the production process.At the same time,fiber and wool quality is important pa-rameters of selection in breeding of goats.The main traits of controlling the fluff quality are quantitative traits.It can be to find the number of main effect genes by quantitative genetics and molecular genetics and to study its growth mechanism and gene expression.In this review,we summarize the recent achievements of the quality of cashmere,including the use of phenotypic se-lect to improve the quality of the fluff and finding the genetics of controlling the quality of cash-mere,for example,HOX ,BMP ,KAP genes and pigments,and beginning to find the corre-sponding control target trait QTL and different sequences of SNPs by GWAS analysis to improve the quality by genotype selection,in order to improve the quality of cashmere and provide refer-ence to study the cashmere quality of genetic factors for later research.