深县猪遗传多样性监测适宜抽样规模的确定

摘要

A method was created to reduce the sampling number in order to make the preservation monitoring simpler and accurate for the Shenxian pigs' population.A total of 179 Shenxian pigs as a population was sampled in a certain gradient,each gradient randomly selected 10 times.The genetic diversity indexes of population and sampling groups were calculated using microsatellite primers marker technique.The average and standard deviation of the genetic diversity indexs of 10 groups were compared with that of the selected population,and the minimum sampling size with less changes in genetic diversity was determined as the appropriate sampling scale.The results showed that:For the group with sampling size of 30,the average allele number was 4.6609,the average effective allele number was 3.2325,the average observed heterozygosity was 0.1569,the average expected heterozygosity was 0.6284,the average PIC was 0.5794.The results indicated that the main indexes of genetic diversity in group with sampling size of 30 were similar to those in the whole population,so the sampling size of 30 pigs could be used to represent and instead of large population of Shenxian pigs.%为使深县猪保种效果监测更为简化又不失准确性,特建立一种方法以缩减深县猪采样的数量.选取179头深县猪作为一个群体,按照一定的数量梯度抽样,每个梯度随机抽取10次,采用微卫星引物标记的技术计算群体与抽样群的遗传多样性指标.综合10组的遗传多样性评价指标的平均值和标准差与选取的群体对应数值进行比较分析,以遗传多样性变化最小的抽样规模确定为适宜采样规模.结果显示,抽样规模为30头的深县猪遗传多样性主要数据为:平均等位基因数4.6609,平均有效等位基因数3.2325,平均期望杂合度0.6284,平均观察杂合度0.1569,平均PIC 0.5794,与整体数据相比,变化较小,具有代表性,可以代替大群测定.