狂犬病(Rabies)是一种重要的人兽共患传染病,由狂犬病病毒(Rabies virus,RV)感染温血动物和人后引起,一旦发病,死亡率几乎达100%,是迄今为止人类病死率最高的急性传染病.目前防制狂犬病的最有效的方法是在暴露后进行高免血清封闭以及免疫狂犬病疫苗.由于注射疫苗价格较高,注射不方便等缺点给防治和消灭狂犬病带来了极大的困难.近年来,口服的免疫方式成为狂犬病毒疫苗研究的热点,除了狂犬病毒疫苗组份,疫苗的投送工具——诱饵也是决定口服狂犬病疫苗效果的重要因素.本文就口服狂犬病毒疫苗诱饵的国内外研究情况进行综述.%Rabies causes an acute zoonotic infectious disease by rabies virus infection in central nervous system with the highest mortality rate, almost 100% of death upon infection. Currently, injection of rabies vaccine before exposure is the most effective program of rabies prevention and treatment. However, due to the high price and inconvenience of injecting vaccines, prevention and elimination of rabies is extremely difficult. In recent years, oral immune way has been given much more attention. In addition to the the rabies virus com-ponents, vaccine delivery tool- bait is also an important factor of affecting vaccine efficacy. Therefore, this arti-cle reviews the recent research advancement on oral rabies vaccine bait in the design and immune efficacy.
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