全球口蹄疫流行和防控状况

摘要

In recent decades,great successes have been achieved in prevention and control of foot and mouth disease (FMD). 49%of OIE members had been recognized as FMD free countries/zones by May 2015. But FMD remains endemic in some countries in Africa,the Middle East and Asia. In 2012 The Global Foot and Mouth Disease Control Strategy was formally published by FAO/OIE. The objective of the Strategy is that FMD should be controlled in 15 years in most countries and eradicated in some countries and the free countries remain the free status. The global FMD epidemic situation and results of its prevention and control in some regions and countries were introduced,and the objectives,components and main activities of the Strategy were simply described,and some suggestions proposed to provide reference for prevention and control of FMD in China.%近几十年来，全球口蹄疫（FMD）的防控取得巨大成效，截至2015年5月已有49%的OIE成员被认可为无FMD国家/地区；但是口蹄疫仍在亚洲、非洲部分国家呈地方性流行。2012年，FAO/OIE正式发布“全球FMD控制策略”，提出了15年内FMD的控制目标，即FMD在大多数国家得到控制、在某些国家甚至被消灭，无FMD国家继续保持无疫。本文介绍了全球FMD流行状况、区域防控经验及其成效，简述了“全球FMD控制策略”的目标、组成部分和主要活动，并提出了相关建议，以期对我国FMD防控提供借鉴。