Activated carbon was prepared from cotton stalk by chemical activation with potassium hydroxide under different operation conditions. The influences of operation parameters on the properties of activated carbon were discussed. The experiment results showed that the optimum conditions were as followed; pyrogenation temperature of 450-500 ℃ , alkali ' clianniil ratio of 1.0,activation temperature of 800 ℃ , and the activation time of 120 minutes. The properties of the activated carbon prepared under the optimum conditions were as follows:relative surface area of 2 312 m2/g, iodine adsorption capability of 1 936 mg/g, and methylene blue adsorption capability of 392 mg/g. Pore distribution of this activated carbon product is micro-pores. Chemical groups such as -OH and -H were also characterized on the surface of AC by FT-IR.%以棉花秸秆为原料,采用KOH活化法制备活性炭样品,探讨了炭化、活化及后处理过程中各实验条件对活性炭样品性能的影响.综合考虑活性炭样品的性能及得率,得出较优的实验条件为:炭化温度450～500℃、碱炭比值1.0、活化温度800℃、活化时间120 min；在较优条件下制得活性碳的比表面积2 312m2/g,碘吸附值1 936 mg/g,亚甲基蓝吸附值392 mg,/g;孔径分布以微孔为主;表面含有羟基(-OH)、活泼氢(-H)等基团.
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