苯甲酸取代物在水/硝基苯界面转移的研究

摘要

本实验利用微滴法研究了苯甲酸取代物在水/硝基苯界面上的离子转移,测定了五种不同苯甲酸取代物的离子转移Gibbs自由能,其大小顺序为:o—NO2—C6H5COO-＞o—CH3—C6H5COO-=p—Cl—C6H5CO0-＞p—OCH3-C6H5COO-＞o—OH—C6H5COO-.实验表明苯甲酸取代物在液/液界面上转移Gibbs自由能的大小与其有机阴离子稳定性有关,特别是苯甲酸上取代基的供电子效应对其转移Gibbs自由能的影响显著.%In this paper,the substituted benzoate anions of transfer from water to nitrobenzene interface were investigated employing the droplet method. The Gibbs energy of the five substituted benzoate anions across the wateritrobenzene interface were in the order of:o—NO2—C6H5COO->o—CH3— C6H5COO-=p—Cl— C6H5COO->p—OCH3— C6H5COO->o—OH—C6H5COO-. The results showed that the values of the Gibbs energy of substituted benzoate anions of transfer across the liquid/liquid interface were related to the stability of their organic anions,and the most important effect for Gibbs energies of transfer was donative electron sub-stituent