聚合物单分子力谱的研究进展

摘要

The investigations on inter- or intra-moleciuar interactions in polymer systems at the single-molecule level are of pivotal importance in revealing the relationship between structure and function and eventually getting good controls on the corresponding function. Atomic force microscopy ( AFM ) -based single-molecule force spectroscopy(SMFS) has been used widely in the field of single-molecule study due to its friendly user interface(i. e. , easy to use and can work in both aqueous solution and organic solvents) and world-wide commercialization. In this article, we introduced recent advancements in AFM-based single-molecule force spectroscopy study of polymer(including biopolymer and synthetic polymer) interactions. For biopolymer system, we first introduced typical force fingerprints of nucleic acid, protein and polysaccharides, and then discussed the force-fingerprint-based investigation of molecular interactions. For synthetic polymer system, the relationship between primary structure and single chain elasticity was discussed first, and then the effects of both single chain aggregates and the bulk aggregates on the elasticity of polymer chains were discussed.%在单分子水平研究聚合物体系的分子内及分子间相互作用,对于揭示其结构-性能的关系,进而实现对相应功能的调控极为重要.基于原子力显微镜技术( AFM)的单分子力谱,由于其操作简单且适用面广,在单分子研究领域得到了广泛的应用.本文概括了该技术在生物高分子及合成高分子体系的研究进展.对于生物高分子体系,主要介绍了核酸(DNA/RNA)、蛋白质和多糖(淀粉)的单分子力谱研究及利用各自力学指纹谱对其它分子间的相互作用的研究.对于合成高分子体系,主要介绍了聚合物的一级结构与单链弹性的关系及溶剂和聚集态结构等对高分子单链力学性质的影响规律.