失活镍催化剂中镍的绿色回收工艺研究

摘要

This paper studies the effects of carbon dioxide, air and water in the wet recovery process for nickel from nickel-based deactivation catalyst. The effects of the pressure of carbon dioxide, leaching temperature and leaching time are also investigated. The results indicate that the carbon dioxide, air and water play significant role for leaching nickel from deactivation Ni/TiO2 supported catalyst. While using the same method for leaching deactivation Raney nickel catalyst, the result was not satisfactory. But the carbon dioxide used simultaneously with dilute hydrochloric acid or dilute acetic acid solution could leach nickel from Raney nickel markedly. The using of carbon dioxide promoted the leaching of nickel, achieved the purpose of reducing the amount of acid, and reduced the pollution of the environment.%采用一种绿色回收技术，不使用工业用酸碱，而仅以二氧化碳、空气和水作为失活镍催化剂中镍的溶出条件。研究了二氧化碳的压力、空气中的氧、浸出温度和浸出时间对含镍催化剂中镍的溶出率（回收率）的影响，得到了镍的最佳溶出条件。实验结果还表明，二氧化碳、空气和水组成的体系对失活的负载型Ni／TiO2催化剂中镍的溶出效果非常好．且溶出条件温和。而用同样的方法浸取失活雷尼镍催化剂中的镍时．镍的溶出效果不甚理想。但是当采用二氧化碳与稀盐酸或稀醋酸溶液共同作用时，可将雷尼镍中的镍溶出．二氧化碳在中间起到了很好的促进作用．达到了减少酸用量的目的．减少了对环境的污染。