The catalytic cracking of 1-butene to propylene is a new technology for increasing the utilization of butene and improving the economic benefit of propylene production process.The mechanism of 1-butene catalytic cracking process is analyzed and discussed,and several catalysts are introduced for catalytic cracking process,such as metal oxide catalysts,zeolite catalyst,composite zeolite catalyst and modified zeolite catalyst.The relevant conditions and synthesis parameters which work on the conversion,selectivity of propylene and the stability of catalyst are summarized,such as the acid strength,acid site density and porous structure of catalyst.It is pointed out that the main target of zeolite catalyst modification is to change the acid strength and acid site density,so that the activity of catalyst and selectivity of propylene can be enhanced,meanwhile,the coking can be reduced and the stability of catalyst can be improved.Finally,the development trend and prospect of catalyst for preparing propylene from 1-butene cracking is reviewed and prospected.%丁烯催化裂解制丙烯是提高丁烯利用率、提高丙烯生产工艺经济效益的新技术.分析和讨论了丁烯催化裂解制丙烯的反应机理,分别探讨了不同催化剂的优势及不足之处,包括金属氧化物催化剂、分子筛催化剂、复合分子筛催化剂和改性分子筛催化剂等.总结了分子筛酸强度、酸密度及催化剂孔道结构对催化剂转化率、丙烯选择性和稳定性的影响.提出了合成分子筛催化剂的酸性强度及酸密度是分子筛催化剂改性的主要目标,通过分子筛改性,可以提高分子筛催化剂的催化活性及目标产物丙烯的选择性,同时减少结焦,改善催化剂稳定性.最后对用于丁烯裂解制备丙烯催化剂的发展趋势和前景进行了前瞻性点评和展望.
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