树枝状大分子季铵盐的制备及抑菌性能研究

摘要

Dendrimer PAMAM is synthesized with methyl acrylate and ethylenediamine,and the structure is characterized by 1HNMR.The dendritic quaternary ammonium salts are prepared by modifying PAMAM with 2,3-epoxy propyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (GTA).The single factor experiments for preparing dendritic quaternary ammonium salts are carried out and the optimal operating conditions are determined as follows:the molar ratio of 1.0G PAMAM to GTA is 1 ∶ 7,the mass fraction of water in mixed solvent is 60％,the reaction temperature is 60 ℃ and the reaction time is 8 h.The structure of the prepared dendritic quaternary ammonium salts are characterized by FT-IR and their antibacterial properties are studied.The results show that the dendritic quaternary ammonium salts have antibacterial activities on Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus and Aspergillus,and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Aspergillus is 8.5 μg/mL,which behaves the largest antibacterial activities.%以丙烯酸甲酯和乙二胺为原料合成了树枝状大分子聚酰胺-胺(PAMAM),采用1HNMR进行了结构表征.在此基础上用2,3-环氧丙基三甲基氯化铵(GTA)对其表面进行修饰,制备了树枝状大分子季铵盐.采用单因素法确立了制备树枝状季铵盐的最优反应条件:1.0G PAMAM与GTA摩尔比为1∶7,混合溶剂中水的质量分数为60％,反应温度60℃,反应时间8h.制备的树枝状季铵盐用FT-IR进行结构表征,并对其抑菌性能进行了研究.结果表明:树枝状大分子季铵盐对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和黑曲霉菌有抑菌作用,对黑曲霉菌的抑菌浓度最小,为8.5 μg/mL,抑菌活性最大.