超声场强化膜分离过程研究与应用进展

摘要

Ultrasound technique has been proved to be an effective approach to enhancing the flux in membrane process because of its characteristics of mechanical vibration, acoustic streaming and acoustic cavitation, which may be capable of removing portions of the fouled layer from the membrane surface, and preventing the deposition of particles that lead to membrane fouling. Based on the analysis of primary enhancing mechanism and current research on ultrasound enhanced membrane separation process, the integrated systems of ultrasound with membrane module, membrane materials, structure and stability in the ultrasonic field, and a combined utilization of ultrasonic field associated with other technology were reviewed. At the same time, ultrasound enhanced membrane separation in the system containing particle suspension, bio-food industry, and water treatment were also summarized.%膜分离过程中的膜污染和浓差极化现象，可通过超声场产生的机械振动、声冲流及声空化等实现有效控制。本文对超声场强化膜分离过程的机理与研究现状进行了分析，从超声场强化膜分离集成系统、膜材料、结构及其稳定性，超声场与其它方法协同强化膜分离过程等方面的研究工作进行了综述，并对超声场强化膜分离技术在含颗粒体系、生物食品领域、水处理领域中的应用特点进行了分析和总结。在此基础上，对超声场强化膜分离过程的发展方向和研究前景进行了展望。