随着世界范围内环境污染的加剧，环境问题引起了强烈的重视，尤其是大气污染，成为了大众关注的焦点。在空气污染治理中，生物法净化工业废气具有高效、低成本等优点，成为目前研究的热点。本文介绍了生物法净化处理废气的基本原理，主要包括生物膜理论中的传质和降解过程，阐述和比较了生物滤池、生物洗涤和生物滴滤这3种处理工艺，分析了影响生物法处理废气的重要因素，如填料、营养物、微生物、压降。同时对国内外发展现状进行了详细评述，与国外研究相比，特别是在污染物种类的研究上还有一定差距。生物滴滤工艺相对研究的较晚，提出今后研发重点和方向，将生物滴滤工艺全面推向工业化，加强对降解微生物的深入研究，实现单种到多种污染物的降解。%Among the air pollution control methods,biological method is high efficient and low cost for removal of industrial waste gas. This paper reviewed the basic principles of biological treatment technologies , including mass transfer and degradation of the biofilm theories. Three treatment processes , biofilter , bioscrubber and biotrickling filter , were illustrated and compared. Some influencing factors,such as packing material,nutrient,microorganism and pressure drop,were compared. It also described the recent progresses of biological method for purifying waste gas. Biotrickling filter process started relatively recently but could have promising advantages,and it could be the future research focus. Meanwhile , microorganisms should be studied deeply to degrade multi-component pollutants.
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