Alkane isomerization is an important method to increase gasoline octane value. The surface characteristics of SO42−/MxOysolid superacid,the formation mechanisms of acid sites and their regulatory method were described. The isomerization mechanisms of light alkanes over SO42−/MxOy solid superacid catalyst,including the carbenium ion mechanism,monomolecular reaction mechanism, bimolecular reaction mechanism and mental-acid bifunctional catalytic mechanism were discussed in detail. Some different viewpoints on ismerization mechanisms over SO42−/MxOysolid superacid catalysts were illustrated. In the future,it is necessary to further study the isomerization mechanism, formation of active sites and the deactivation reasons of catalysts,and to explore the modification and preparation methods for superacid,so that the catalysts with a higher activity for isomerization and more stability could be prepared. Finally,the future research emphasis on SO42−/MxOysolid superacid catalyst was pointed out.%烷烃异构化是提高汽油辛烷值的重要方法。本文阐述了 SO42−/MxOy型固体超强酸的表面特征及其酸中心的形成机理与调控方法。综述了 SO42−/MxOy型固体超强酸催化剂轻质烷烃异构化碳正离子机理、单分子反应机理、双分子反应机理和金属/酸性双功能催化剂催化机理。介绍了在SO42−/MxOy型固体超强酸催化剂上异构化反应机理的不同观点。今后，需进一步深入开展轻质烷烃异构化反应机理、活性位形成及催化剂失活原因等方面的研究，探究固体超强酸催化剂的改性方法和制备方法，制备出高催化剂活性和稳定性的异构化催化剂。
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