基于超分子有机凝胶的纳米复合材料

摘要

The composites of supramolecular organic gel and nanomaterials have become a hot topic, since they can give excellent performance of both organic and nanomaterials. Recently,the research and the development of composites based on supramolecular organic gel and nanomaterials have been introduced,including supramolecular organic gel with inorganic nanoparticles,metal nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes , together with its template effect and preparation methods. The abundant morphologies of supramolecular assemblies can be successfully transcribed into the structure of nanomaterials. The template effect mainly depends on the unique three-dimensional network structure of supramolecular organic gel,by providing excellent carrier environment for the nucleation,growth, arrangement of nanoparticles,the agglomeration of nanoparticles can be avoided and its stability is also enhanced. These new smart materials will have a good prospect in the areas of catalysis,sensor, biology and medicine.%基于超分子有机凝胶的纳米复合材料是集有机和纳米材料优异性能于一体的新型智能材料，已成为近年来功能复合材料的研究热点之一。本文综述了该类复合材料的研究现状，包括超分子有机凝胶分别与无机纳米粒子、金属纳米粒子以及碳纳米管等材料的复合，分别从其模板效应、制备方法等方面进行介绍。纳米复合材料丰富的结构受控于超分子丰富的簇集体形貌，这种模板效应主要依赖于超分子有机凝胶特有的三维网络结构，其为纳米粒子成核、生长、排列等提供了优良的载体环境，可以有效避免纳米粒子的团聚，从而提高纳米粒子的稳定性，并展望了该类材料在催化、传感、生物以及医学等领域的发展前景。