根据环糊精衍生物分子结构与形态的不同，分类综述了环糊精衍生物（以β-环糊精衍生物为主）的形态及其构筑策略研究进展，包括单取代环糊精衍生物、双取代环糊精衍生物、多取代环糊精衍生物、二聚体环糊精衍生物、多聚体环糊精衍生物和环糊精聚合物（包括固载化环糊精）。指出环糊精衍生物的构筑是基于环糊精构筑各种功能材料的基础与关键，是环糊精母体应用的进一步拓展。基于环糊精构筑各种超分子仿酶，不仅可以充分发挥环糊精结构上的先天优势，也可以实现有机合成反应从有机相到水相的顺利过渡，并提高反应的选择性，对有机合成化学的“绿色化”具有重要的意义，对其他功能材料的构筑也具有重要的参考价值和指导意义。%The molecular morphology of cyclodextrin derivatives and their construction strategy (mainly theβ-cyclodextrin derivatives) were reviewed comprehensively according to the difference in molecular structure and morphology,including mono-substituted cyclodextrin derivatives, bis-substituted cyclodextrin derivatives,multi-substituted cyclodextrin derivatives,dimer cyclodextrin derivatives,multimer cyclodextrin derivatives and cyclodextrin polymers (including immobilized cyclodextrins). It was pointed out that the construction of cyclodextrin derivatives was the foundation and key step in the building of various functional materials,could be further expanded in the application of parent cyclodextrin. To construct various supramolecular artificial enzymes based on cyclodextrin,not only can make full use of the inherent advantages of cyclodextrin structure,but also can realize the smooth transition of organic synthesis reactions from organic phase to aqueous phase with enhanced selectivity,which have great significance for the greenization of organic synthetic chemistry,important reference value and instructive significance for the construction of other functional materials.
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