表面活性剂引导合成非硅基介孔材料的研究进展

摘要

Non-silica mesoporous materials have been widely used in many fields owing to their outstanding structural characteristics and unique optical,electrical,magnetic properties,so the synthesis of these materials has gradually become the research focus. This work reviewed the recent research progress in surfactant initiated synthesis of non-silica mesoporous materials,such as mesoporous carbon,mesoporous metal oxides,and summarized the optimum synthesis conditions and the advantages of different materials. It also compared the performance and applications of the synthesized materials,and provided some prospections about their future development. Green surfactants,functional materials andco-template are main directions for the synthesis process.%非硅基介孔材料由于其突出的结构特性和特殊的光、电、磁性质，广泛应用于许多研究领域，使该类材料的合成逐渐成为研究者关注的焦点。本文综述了国内外近年来表面活性剂引导合成非硅基介孔材料的研究进展，阐述了离子型表面活性剂和非离子型表面活性剂作为模板剂及混合模板剂合成介孔碳、介孔金属氧化物等非硅基介孔材料的现状，归纳了合成该类介孔材料的最佳工艺条件，总结了不同模板剂引导合成的非硅基介孔材料特点，同时列表对比了不同类型表面活性剂合成该类材料的性能参数和应用领域，并对其发展进行了展望，即表面活性剂的绿色化、材料的功能化、合成过程的共模板化是未来发展的主流方向。