Aiming at the low ionic conductivity and poor alkaline resistance of anion exchange membranes at elevated temperature,we make an overview on the effects of alkaline functional groups and polymer backbone structure on their main properties such as ionic conductivity and alkaline stability. The research progress of using functional groups of quaternary ammonium salt,guanidine, quaternary phosphonium salt,imidazole salt,and sulfonium salt,and block copolymer,side chain polymer as polymer matrix materials are mainly introduced. What's more,the influence mechanisms of various factors on the ionic conductivity are analyzed emphatically. The results show that,in order to prepare anion exchange membranes with high ionic conductivity and excellent alkaline resistance, further study on improving the ionic conductivity and alkaline stability of functional groups,and optimizing the polymer backbone structures to construct efficient and orderly ion transport channel are the main research directions in the future.%针对当前碱性阴离子交换膜离子电导率低和高温耐碱性较差的问题,本文综述了碱性功能基团和聚合物主链结构对阴离子交换膜离子电导率、碱性稳定性等主要性能的影响,主要介绍了季铵盐型、胍型、季盐型、咪唑盐型、锍盐型碱性功能基团以及嵌段共聚物、侧链型聚合物为基体材料的阴离子交换膜的研究进展,重点分析了上述因素对离子电导率的影响机理.综合分析表明,为了制备高电导率且强耐碱性的阴离子交换膜,进一步改性研究提高碱性功能基团离子电导率和碱性稳定性,优化聚合物主链结构,构建高效、有序的离子传输通道是未来的主要研究方向.
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