甲壳素生物质转化为高附加值化合物研究进展

摘要

甲壳素是地球上仅次于纤维素的第二大天然高分子多糖,年产丰富,天然可再生.将其转化为燃料及高附加值化学品,对于缓解全球能源危机和解决环境污染问题具有重要意义.本文综述了近年来国内外以甲壳素、壳聚糖、氨基葡萄糖和N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖等甲壳素类生物质为原料,在不同催化条件下制备含氮化合物、呋喃衍生物和有机酸等高附加值化学品的转化途径及其最新研究进展.提出了甲壳素生物质转化为重要基础化合物的新思路,以促进甲壳素生物质制备高附加值化学品工业技术的发展,为可再生资源替代化石资源的可持续发展提供有力的理论支持和实践指导.%Chitin biomass,a renewable and richly output resource,is the second most abundant natural polysaccharide after cellulose on the earth. The conversion of chitin biomass into liquid fuels and value-added chemicals can play a significant role in global energy crisis and environmental pollution. In this paper,recent achievements in converting chitin biomass into high-value chemicals, such as N-containing chemicals,Furan derivatives and organic acids,are summarized in terms of different catalytic systems using chitin,chitosan,glucosamine andN-acetylglucosamine as raw materials. Reaction pathways and transformation methods are especially discussed. New approaches on transformation of chitin biomass into high value-added chemicals are also proposed in this paper. The review would promote the development of industrial technologies in degradation of chitin biomass and preparation of high-value chemicals. It will also provide an insight on the sustainable future in terms of the renewable resource.