Modification of conductive polymer by doping nano-particles is an effective way to improve its performance. This paper introduced the preparation methods of polypyrrole nanocomposites at present which include electrochemical polymerization,chemical oxidation,template method,sol-gel method while the electrospinning method is commonly used to prepare nanofibers. According to its excellent conductivity and chemical properties,the applications of polypyrrole nanocomposites in sensors,biomedicine,electronic devices,cotton fabrics,adsorption,impurity removal,and corrosion protection are described. In addition,improving the accuracy of characterization of composite material and the dispersibility during blending are demanded to clarify the mechanism of liquid phase transformation into solid phase. At the same time,the key to improve the performance of nanocomposites is to control the relevant parameters of the interface and to improve their testing methods. The establishment of related models and the integration of microcosmic and macroscopic aspects are also important directions for future research.%在导电聚合物中掺杂纳米粒子复合改性是提高其性能的有效途径之一.文中综述了目前聚吡咯纳米复合材料的制备方法,包括电化学聚合法、化学氧化法、模板法、溶胶-凝胶法以及制备纳米纤维常用的静电纺丝法;根据其优异的导电性和化学特性,阐述了近年来聚吡咯纳米复合材料在传感器、生物医学、电子器件、棉织物、吸附除杂以及腐蚀保护领域的应用现状;此外,指出提高对复合材料表征手段的准确性以及共混时的分散性都是明确液相转化成固相过程机理时需要解决的问题,同时控制界面的相关参数并提高界面化学参数的测试手段,建立相关模型,实现微观与宏观的融合,是提高纳米复合材料性能的关键,也是未来研究的重要方向.
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