伴随着页岩气的开发,与之相关的环境问题受到广泛关注,其中返排废水由于水量大、高盐、成分复杂及潜在的环境风险成为关注的焦点.本文对国外报道的页岩气开采返排废水中有机污染物的来源、组成、生物降解性及有机污染水平和生态环境风险进行了总结,表明其环境风险值得关注.指出由于返排废水水质易受压裂液配方和页岩层性质等因素影响而差异明显,我国需要加快对页岩气开采返排废水有机污染物的全面调查和评估,科学认识其潜在生态环境风险.基于对返排废水中有机污染物的可生物降解组分及其生物转化、对微生物的潜在抑制作用等的调查和实验结果的分析,提出研究开发针对返排废水有机污染物去除的强化生物处理技术具有现实需求和技术可行性.%With the development of shale gas,the environmental problems associated with it are widely concerned. Because of the large amount,high salt,complex compositions and potential environmental toxicity,the flowback wastewater has become the focus. This paper summarized the origin, composition,biodegradability and pollution level and ecological environment risk of organic pollutants in flowback wastewater from abroad. It indicated that the environmental risk is worthy of attention. However,due to the formula of fracturing fluid and the shale layer properties,there was a significant difference in flowback wastewater quality. It is suggested that China needs to accelerate the comprehensive investigation and assessment of the organic pollutants in the flowback water from the shale gas extraction,and scientifically understand its potential ecological environment risk. Based on the investigation of the biodegradable components of organic pollutants and their biotransformation,the potential inhibition of microorganisms and the analysis of the experimental results,the paper puts forward the realistic demand for and technological feasibility of the research and development of the intensive biological treatment technology for the removal of organic pollutants from the flowback wastewater.
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