超临界流体技术在微藻生物能源中应用

摘要

The depleted supplies of fossil fuels have led to an increasing commercial interest in renewable fuels. Microalgae have been identified as promising feedstocks for industrial–scale production of renewable biodiesel,due to their high biomass productivity,rapid lipid accumulation, and ability to survive in a small region. Microalgae also contain other active compounds such as DHA、EPA、GLA、polysaccharide and pigments. This review summaries the principles and technology involved in application of supercritical fluid using in microalgae bioenergy production and other valuable microalgae products. We focus on reaction mechanism,the influence of operation conditions, extraction yields under optimal conditions. The study also demonstrated the advantages and developing tendency in application of supercritical fluid technology.%　　微藻具有光合作用效率高、含油量高、生长周期短、油脂面积产率高等特点，微藻生物能源已成为近年国内外生物能源及CO2减排领域研究热点，被誉为最具发展潜力“第三代”生物能源。超临界流体技术是一种新型高效绿色分离技术，广泛应用于食品、医药和化工等领域。该文综述超临界流体技术在微藻生物能源技术方面应用，主要包括利用超临界流体提取微藻油脂、不饱和脂肪酸、色素和其它活性物质，及在超临界流体中液化微藻生物质等。