For 30 years since 1978, the general trend of the public health expenditure in China is increased and then decreased after the rise again. The excessively market reform causes public health service system lose its public welfare and can not meet public need. The main problems are that the proportion of public health expenditure is declining in GDP, finance expenditure, and the total amount of health expenditure, the input in public health service insufficient, and the structure of public health expenditure improper. Hence, the government should increase finance input in public health to reach the aim that every citizen has the essential health, particularly; the central govern- ment should increase expenditure on it to improve transfer payment system.%改革开放30年来，我国公共卫生支出呈现出先增加后下降再上升的三阶段趋势。由于过度市场化改革，造成公共医疗卫生服务体系逐渐丧失其公共性与公益性，不能满足公共需要。主要体现在公共卫生支出占GDP、财政支出、卫生总费用的比例逐步下降，公共卫生服务经费投入的不足以及公共卫生支出结构不合理。为达到“人人享有最基本的健康”服务的目标，必需增加政府对公共卫生的财政投入，尤其是提高中央政府在公共卫生方面的支出责任，改善转移支付体系。
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