可吸入颗粒物围护结构渗透机理研究进展

摘要

可吸入颗粒物通过建筑围护结构从室外渗透进入室内,是室内颗粒物不可忽视的重要来源.本文系统评述了室外颗粒物向室内渗透的最新研究进展,从室内颗粒物的质量平衡方程出发简要分析了室内颗粒物浓度的主要影响因素,辨析了颗粒渗透研究中穿透系数、渗透因子和室内外颗粒物浓度比等常用术语的区别与联系,从现场测试、实验室研究、模型研究三个方面总结了颗粒物渗透研究方法以及主要结论和成果,最后给出了相关研究分析建议和展望.旨在为可吸入颗粒物围护结构渗透相关研究工作厘清思路,为我国相关研究工作的深入开展奠定基础.%Inhalable particles from outdoor may infiltrate into indoor environment through building envelope,which is an important source contributing to the concentration of indoor particulate matter.The paper reviewed the recent studies of particulates infiltrating mechanism systematically.Based on the mass balance equation,main factors affecting indoor particulate matter concentration were analyzed.Three parameters including penetration efficiency,infiltration factor and the ratio of indoor and outdoor particles concentration,which are commonly used in the study of particle infiltration,were differentiated.In addition,the main research methods and conclusions of particle infiltration were summarized respectively from three aspects:field test,laboratory study and modeling study.Finally,some suggestions and outlook were proposed.The aim of this work is to make it clear for the future research routes and lay the foundation for the further research development in China.