湘西永顺双凤村土家族传统祭祖仪式的田野记述

摘要

Ancestor-worship rites of tujia people in Shuangfeng village have illustrated that they have two ancestors, one is Maoren the ancient, and other is chief of a tribe the king Peng. Some tujia people traditional fete rites--such as the Baishou dance and the Maogusi play--can traces to a particular legend and portray the life history of the tujia ancestors vividly. As the making of ＂ancestors history＂, this ＂history＂ have rooted deeply in the heart of people through repeating and stressing of the myths, legends and collective ritual.%双凤村土家族祭祖仪式传达了土家族人有远古祖先茅人,也有近古祖先彭姓土司王的族源观点。各项土家族传统祭祀仪式都可追溯到某个特定传说,通过茅古斯、摆手舞等表演,栩栩如生地再现了土家祖先的生产生活历史情形。通过神话、传说、群体性仪式的多次重复与强调,这种＂历史＂深植于群体心里,从而持续着对＂祖先历史＂的制作。