水下爆破破冰爆炸冲击波传播规律数值分析

摘要

利用动力分析软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA模拟研究水下爆破破冰过程中爆炸冲击波压力的作用特征和传播规律,对比分析在冰体覆盖的相对封闭条件和常规水下爆炸时水中压力变化的差异性.研究表明:爆炸冲击波产生的水压力以炸药为中心向四周传播,对冰面破碎起主要作用,被扰动冰体主要发生振动折裂.炸药周围近区压力初始峰值大体上相同,爆源远区相差较大,冰盖的存在减弱了爆破能量的耗散.对于相同集中药包,入水深度直接影响爆破破冰效果.和常规水下爆炸相比,在冰体覆盖的相对封闭条件下水中峰值压力较小,衰减速度较慢.%The characteristics and attenuation law of shock wave of underwater blasting are simulated by the dynamic analysis software ANSYS/LS-DYNA.A comparative analysis is also conducted to find the water pressure differences between the ice-covered conditions and conventional underwater blasting.The research shows that the water pressure produced by explosion shock wave spread from the center of explosive charge,which is the main reason of the ice broken.The disturbed ice is mainly fractured by the vibration.The initial peak is almost the same in the area near the explosive charge.The existence of the ice could weaken the dissipation of the blasting energy of explosive.For the same explosive charge,the different water depths directly affect the effect of ice breaking.Compared with conventional underwater blasting,the peak pressure in water is smaller,which attenuates slower under the relatively closed ice-covered condition in the underwater blasting process.