圆锥滚子贯穿式无心磨削锥面廓形直线性分析

摘要

贯穿式无心磨削是圆锥滚子锥面加工的主要工艺方法之一，将砂轮修整成直廓圆柱形，并使滚子沿着与砂轮轴线平行的直线贯穿，是这种工艺的一种常用磨削方法。针对这种磨削方法，分析了获得滚子锥面直线廓形的一种理想滚子－砂轮关系，以及受到刀板制约的实际滚子－砂轮关系。结果表明：该磨削方法是一种近似加工方法，磨削后理论上滚子锥面廓形存在直线性偏差，廓形是内凹的；滚子轴线与砂轮轴线之间存在空间交错角是产生这种直线性偏差的根本原因；滚子半锥角越大，直线性偏差越大；刀板斜面对水平面倾斜角度越大，直线性偏差越小。并推导出了滚子轴线与砂轮轴线空间交错角的计算公式。%The through -feed and centerless grinding is one of main processing method for machining cone of tapered rollers.The grinding wheel is dressed as a cylinder to make rollers through -feed in a straight line parallel to axial of grinding wheel is a common grinding method.Aiming at the grinding method,a kind of ideal roller -grinding wheel relationship to obtain cone profile and the actual roller -grinding wheel relationships which are restricted to knife plate are analyzed.The results show that the grinding method is an approximate machining method,which results in a theo-retical straight line error on cone profile of rollers,and the cone profile is concave.There is a spatial crossing angle be-tween axial of rollers and grinding wheel and it is the key factor which results in straightness error.The bigger the roll-er′s half taper angle is,the bigger the straightness error is.The bigger the oblique angle of knife plate slope to horizon-tal plane is,the smaller the straightness error is.A calculating formula is derived for spatial crossing angle between axi-al of rollers and grinding wheel.