人车碰撞事故的仿真再现须先估算碰撞车速，而当碰撞位置未知时，基于行人抛距与车辆后制动距离的车速估算方法无法采用。但由于注意到碰撞后人、车最终距离是可测的，故本文中利用它来估算碰撞车速。基于经典力学理论和若干假设，研究了行人抛距与车辆后制动距离间的关系，并据此建立了基于人车最终距离的碰撞车速估算模型，并对模型计算结果进行各种验证。结果表明，基于人车最终距离的碰撞车速估算模型的计算结果与PC-Crash的仿真结果及文献中的试验和典型案例数据都很吻合。%The estimation of impact velocity is essential for the reconstruction simulation of pedestrian-vehi-cle crash accident, but the impact velocity prediction method based on the throw distance of pedestrian and the post braking distance of vehicle is nullified when crash position is unknown. However it is found that the final distance between pedestrian and vehicle after crash is measurable, so which is used to estimate impact velocity in this paper. On the basis of classical mechanics theory and some assumptions, the relationship between pedestrian throw distance and vehicle post braking distance is investigated, and based on which a impact velocity estimation model is set up based on final pedestrian-vehicle distance. Various verifications are conducted on the results of model calculation. The results show that the calculation outcome based on the impact velocity estimation model established well agree with the results of PC-Crash simulation and the test data and typical cases presented in literatures.
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