通过基于鲨鱼鳍的仿生学研究,设计了一种轿车尾底部附加装置,以期减小汽车的气动阻力.在风洞实验验证了CFD仿真方案的基础上,应用ISIGHT集成UG,ICEM和FLUENT,通过参数化建模,采用2阶响应面近似模型和多岛遗传算法对附加装置进行优化.结果表明:仿生附加装置减小了尾部的气流分离,抑制了湍流涡结形成,改善了流场结构,有效降低了气动阻力,优化后的附加装置使汽车气动阻力系数Cd比原车减小了5.06%.%Through a bionic study based on shark fin,a novel spoiler is designed to be attached on the bot-tom of vehicle rear-end with an aim to reduce the aerodynamic resistance of vehicle. On the base of a CFD simula-tion scheme verified by wind tunnel test and parametric modeling with UG, ICEM and FLUENT integrated by ISIGHT,the attachment is optimized by multi-island genetic algorithm with a quadratic response surface approxima-tion model. The results show that the bionic attachment designed can weaken the airflow separation of the wake be-hind vehicle,suppress the formation of turbulent vortex, improve flow field structure, and hence effectively reduce the aerodynamic drag of vehicle. With the optimized attachment, the drag coefficient of vehicle reduces by 5.06%compared with original one.
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