基于多点约束法的鼓式制动器有限元分析

摘要

为研究径向浮动蹄式制动器的性能特点,利用接触与多点约束相结合的方法,建立了结构有限元模型.经对比发现,该模型较传统模型能更准确的反映摩擦片的受力状态,且制动力矩仿真结果与试验数据有较好的一致性.利用该模型对制动器制动性能和摩擦片应力分布情况进行的仿真计算结果表明,径向浮动蹄式制动器有利于改善车辆制动跑偏现象和领蹄的受力状况,提高车辆的行车安全性和领蹄摩擦片的耐磨性:从蹄的受力均匀性有待进一步提高.%In order to study the performance characteristic of radial floating drum brake,a finite element model was created with the method based the multi-point constraints (MPC)method.This model was proved to be more accurate to reflectload bearing status of friction disc than that created by traditional method,and the result of braking torque simulation is more consistent with test data.Braking performance and stress distribution of friction disc of the brake was simulated by this model and the result showed that the radial floating drum brake can help improving the brake deviation and the force status of leading shoe,enhancing the running safety and wearability of the leading shoe.But uniformity of the forced status of trailing shoes need to be improved.