风电机组最大功率点跟踪控制的影响因素分析

摘要

The factors that affect the performance of maximum power point tracking(MPPT)control are divided into two major aspects,the dynamic performance of wind turbines and the requirement for tracking maximum power point.Centered on the two aspects,several specific factors are selected from wind speed characteristics and the structure of wind turbines,including the average value and turbulence intensity of wind speed,air density,inertia and radius of rotor and the optimum tip-speed ratio.Based on simulation,the effects of these factors on the performance of MPPT control and their mechanism are then investigated by the quantitative relationships between the factors and the coefficients defined in the two types of improved power signal feedback methods.Research results show that the MPPT performance can be modified by the change of both the wind speed condition and structure parameters of wind turbines.Therefore,the effects due to the above factors need be thoroughly considered before optimizing the controller parameters in the design and application of MPPT control.Results obtained will contribute to further improvement of MPPT control.%将影响风电机组最大功率点跟踪(MPPT)控制的因素划分为风力机的动态性能和最大功率点的跟踪要求两大方面。以此为指导，围绕风速条件和风力机结构提取出多个具体的影响因素，包括平均风速、湍流强度、空气密度、风力机的转动惯量、叶片尺寸和最佳叶尖速比。通过仿真分析这些具体因素与现有两种功率曲线改进方法中的设定参数的量化关系，探讨它们对MP P T控制的影响与作用机理。研究结果表明，风速环境和风力机结构参数的变化都会改变风电机组的MP P T效果。因此，在设计与应用MP P T控制时，需要全面考虑上述因素的影响，并相应调整控制器参数。文中工作将为MP P T控制的优化设计奠定基础。