基于电弧电压的混合型直流断路器

摘要

The hybrid direct current(DC) breaker has good static characteristics and good dynamic characteristics.The multi-terminal high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission network is largely dependent on the development of DC circuit breaker technology. This paper presents a hybrid DC circuit breaker based on arc voltage, and derives mathematical relationship of current-commutation.Simulating the key part-high speed switch by the electro-magnetic repulsion mechanism is performed using finite element analysis.A 1 kA/1 5 kV hybrid DC breaker is designed based on the above research,and the test results show that the prototype”s arc maximum current-commutation capacity is 3 kA.The process of current transfer from high-speed switch to solid state switch accords with the exponential function,and is consistent with theoretical derivation.The prototype can break the short-circuit current less than 10 kA within 5 ms,and the break time depends primarily on high-speed switch and arc voltage.%混合型直流断路器同时具有传统机械开关良好的静态特性和固态开关无弧快速关断的动态特性,多端直流输电网络很大程度上依赖于直流断路器技术的发展。文中提出了一种基于电弧电压的混合型直流断路器,推导了电流换流物理过程的数学关系。通过有限元分析软件,进行了关键部件———电磁斥力机构高速开关的仿真计算。在以上基础上进行了1 kA/15 kV 直流断路器样机的设计研制,试验结果表明,该样机的电弧最大换流能力为3 kA,电流从高速开关向固态开关转移的过程呈指数关系,与理论推导相符。该样机能够在5 ms 内分断10 kA 短路电流,分断时间主要取决于高速开关开断速度以及电弧电压大小。