氢气缓解措施中点火器特点及有效性分析

摘要

The hydrogen mitigation system is widely used in nuclear power plant for the purpose of ensuring the integrity of containment under severe accidents. The ignitor and the recombiner in hydrogen mitigation system were analyzed using 3D CFD code GASFLOW, and their characters were summarized. The ignitor can effectively reduce large amount of hydrogen by igniting the flammable cloud, and can increase the average pressure and the temperature in containment obviously. The recombiner needs long time running to eliminate large amounts of hydrogen and would not cause obvious increase of the pressure and the temperature. It is possible to reduce much hydrogen without causing deflagration or detonation in large area if the location and starting time of the ignitor are reasonable.%为保证严重事故下安全壳的完整性,氢气缓解措施广泛应用于核电站内.本文应用三维计算流体力学程序GASFLOW分析了氢气缓解措施中的点火器系统与复合器系统,并总结出各自的特点.点火器通过点燃的方式能够快速有效地降低氢气总量,同时会明显增大安全壳内压力与温度;复合器需长时间运行才能够消除大量的氢气,工作的同时不会引起平均温度与压力的明显上升.如果点火器的布置位置及启动时间均合理,有可能在不引起大范围火焰加速或爆炸的情况下迅速有效地消除氢气.