页岩气压裂用耐温抗盐型降阻剂的制备及性能

摘要

以偶氮二异丁脒盐酸盐为引发剂,丙烯酰胺、对苯乙烯磺酸钠、N-乙烯吡咯烷酮、丙烯酰吗啉为单体,采用水溶液聚合法制备了一系列二元共聚物P(AM-SSS)和三元共聚物P(AM-SSS-NVP)/P(AM-SSS-ACMO).使用红外光谱法和核磁共振氢谱法对共聚物进行表征并测定分子量.研究了单体比例及引发剂用量对共聚物粘度的影响,测定了各类聚合物在高矿化度(111 903 mg/L)水中的粘度及溶解时间.研究发现,二元共聚物P(AM-SSS)在溶解10 min内可达到最高粘度,在140℃的高矿化度水中,以170 s-1的剪切速率剪切1 h后,粘度能达到2.48 m Pa·s.实验室内使用长度2 m、管径10 mm的直管测定了P(AM-SSS)的降阻能力,结果表明其用量在0.1％的条件下降阻率能够达到59％～67％.%The radical copolymerization of acrylamide (AM), sodium styrene sulfonate (SSS), n-vinylpyrrolidone (NVP) or acryloylmorpholine (ACMO) in water initiated with 2, 2'-azobis (2-methylpropionamide) dihydrochloride (V50) was carried out to produce a series of bipolymer P (AM-SSS) and terpolymer P (AM-SSS-NVP) /P (AM-SSS-ACMO).The structure of the acrylamide copolymer was determined by infrared (IR) and1H NMR.The molecular weight of copolymer was also determined.Influence of synthesis condition like monomer ratio and initiator dosage on viscosities of products was studied.The viscosities and dissolution times of different products in high salinity water (total dissolved solid=111 903 mg/L) were determined.For bipolymer P (AM-SSS), the highest viscosity would be reached after 10 min of dissolution.The viscosity of P (AM-SSS) can keep a value of 2.48 m Pa·s after being sheared at a shear rate of 170 s-1for1 h in high salinity water at 140℃.The resistance reducing ability of P (AM-SSS) was determined using a straight tube with a length of 2 m and a diameter of 10 mm in the laboratory.The resistance reduction rate can reach 59％～67％at a mass percentage of 0.1％.