直接法制备黑索今的工艺优化及安全实验

摘要

The impacts of nitrification temperature and mature temperature to RDX preparation by direct nitration were discussed.Within the scope of economy and security,the results showed that nitrification temperature at 0 ℃ and mature temperature at 30 ℃ that the average yield of RDX reached 79.01%through stability experiments under this optimum condition was the highest.Through the study of the sta-bility of RDX synthesis,it indicated that mature temperature at 30 ℃ for the nitration process was safe and reliable beyond that the nitrification liquid of low temperature entered into high temperature was sta-ble during the modified process.%主要探讨了硝化温度与成熟温度对直接法硝解乌洛托品制备黑索今的影响。在经济安全的考察范围内，结果表明，硝化温度在0℃，成熟温度在30℃时，黑索今的得率最高，为79．01％。通过对黑索今制备工艺过程的安定性实验考察，表明成熟期温度在30℃，对于硝化工序是安全可靠的，在工艺改进过程中低温硝化进入高温成熟是安定的。